Deep Dives
A digital garden of notes, explorations, and learnings.
Browse by Category
All Articles
-
Statsig Under the Hood: A Deep Dive into Internal Architecture and Implementation
Statsig is a unified experimentation platform that combines feature flags, A/B testing, and product analytics into a single, cohesive system. This post explores the internal architecture, SDK integration patterns, and implementation strategies for both browser and server-side environments.
-
k6 Performance Testing Framework
Master k6’s Go-based architecture, JavaScript scripting capabilities, and advanced workload modeling for modern DevOps and CI/CD performance testing workflows.
-
React Architecture Internals
This comprehensive analysis examines React’s sophisticated architectural evolution from a simple Virtual DOM abstraction to a multi-faceted rendering system that spans client-side, server-side, and hybrid execution models. We explore the foundational Fiber reconciliation engine, the intricacies of hydration and streaming, and the revolutionary React Server Components protocol that fundamentally reshapes the client-server boundary in modern web applications.
-
React Hooks
Master React Hooks’ architectural principles, design patterns, and implementation strategies for building scalable, maintainable applications with functional components.
-
Web Performance Optimization Overview
Advanced techniques for optimizing web application performance across infrastructure, frontend, and modern browser capabilities. Covers Islands Architecture, HTTP/3, edge computing, JavaScript optimization, CSS rendering, image formats, font loading, caching strategies, and performance monitoring.Architectural Performance PatternsInfrastructure and Network OptimizationAsset Optimization StrategiesJavaScript Performance OptimizationCSS and Rendering OptimizationImage and Media OptimizationFont OptimizationCaching and Delivery StrategiesPerformance Monitoring and MeasurementImplementation Checklist and Best Practices
-
Infrastructure Optimization for Web Performance
Master infrastructure optimization strategies including DNS optimization, HTTP/3 adoption, CDN configuration, caching, and load balancing to build high-performance websites with sub-second response times.The Connection Layer - Optimizing the First MillisecondsThe Edge Network - Your First and Fastest Line of DefensePayload Optimization - Delivering Less, FasterThe Origin Infrastructure - The Core PowerhouseApplication Architecture - A Deep Dive into a Secure Next.js ModelA Culture of Performance - Monitoring and Continuous Improvement
-
JavaScript Performance Optimization
Master advanced JavaScript optimization techniques including bundle splitting, long task management, React optimization, and Web Workers for building high-performance web applications.Script Loading Strategies and Execution OrderLong-Running Task Optimization with scheduler.yield()Code Splitting and Dynamic LoadingTree Shaking and Dead Code EliminationWeb Workers for Non-Splittable TasksReact and Next.js Optimization StrategiesModern Browser APIs for Performance EnhancementPerformance Measurement and MonitoringOptimization Technique Selection Matrix
-
Font Optimization for Web Performance
Master font optimization techniques including WOFF2 compression, subsetting, variable fonts, and strategic loading to reduce payload by 65-90% and achieve optimal Core Web Vitals scores.
-
CSS Performance Optimization
Master CSS optimization techniques including critical CSS extraction, animation performance, containment properties, and delivery strategies for faster rendering and better user experience.
-
Image Optimization for Web Performance
Master responsive image techniques, lazy loading, modern formats like WebP and AVIF, and optimization strategies to improve Core Web Vitals and reduce bandwidth usage by up to 70%.
-
Web Performance Patterns
Master advanced web performance patterns including Islands Architecture, caching strategies, performance monitoring, and CI/CD automation for building high-performance web applications.Architectural Performance PatternsAdvanced Caching StrategiesPerformance Budgets and MonitoringThird-Party Script ManagementCI/CD Performance AutomationPerformance Trade-offs and Constraints
-
Microfrontends Architecture
Learn how to scale frontend development with microfrontends, enabling team autonomy, independent deployments, and domain-driven boundaries for large-scale applications.
-
Critical Rendering Path
Learn how browsers convert HTML, CSS, and JavaScript into pixels, understanding DOM construction, CSSOM building, layout calculations, and paint operations for optimal web performance.
-
V8 Engine Architecture
Explore V8’s multi-tiered compilation pipeline from Ignition interpreter to TurboFan optimizer, understanding how it achieves near-native performance while maintaining JavaScript’s dynamic nature.
-
Libuv Internals
Explore libuv’s event loop architecture, asynchronous I/O capabilities, thread pool management, and how it enables Node.js’s non-blocking, event-driven programming model.
-
JavaScript Event Loop
Master the JavaScript event loop architecture across browser and Node.js environments, understanding task scheduling, microtasks, and performance optimization techniques.
-
Node.js Architecture Deep Dive
Explore Node.js’s event-driven architecture, V8 engine integration, libuv’s asynchronous I/O capabilities, and how these components work together to create a high-performance JavaScript runtime.
-
LRU Cache and Modern Alternatives
Learn the classic LRU cache implementation, understand its limitations, and explore modern alternatives like LRU-K, 2Q, and ARC for building high-performance caching systems.The Classic: Understanding LRULRU Implementation: O(1) MagicWhen LRU Fails: The Achilles’ HeelBeyond LRU: Modern AlternativesLRU-K: Adding Frequency Memory2Q: The Probationary FilterARC: Self-Tuning IntelligenceReal-World ApplicationsPerformance ComparisonConclusion
-
Authentication, Authorization, and Access Control
An in-depth technical analysis of AAA frameworks for expert practitioners, exploring modern authentication mechanisms, authorization models, access control paradigms, and their implementation patterns with Node.js examples.
-
Image Formats for Web Performance
Master modern image formats including JPEG, WebP, AVIF, and PNG, understanding compression algorithms, color spaces, HDR support, and optimal deployment strategies.
-
Web Accessibility
Learn WCAG guidelines, semantic HTML, ARIA attributes, and screen reader optimization to create inclusive websites that work for everyone, including users with disabilities.
-
Web Security Guide
Master web application security from OWASP Top 10 vulnerabilities to production implementation, covering authentication, authorization, input validation, and security headers for building secure applications.
-
Caching: From CPU to Distributed Systems
Explore caching fundamentals from CPU architectures to modern distributed systems, covering algorithms, mathematical principles, and practical implementations for building performant, scalable applications.The Genesis and Principles of CachingFoundational Concepts in Web CachingCache Replacement AlgorithmsDistributed Caching SystemsCaching in Modern Application ArchitecturesThe Future of Caching
-
Web Protocol Evolution: HTTP/1.1 to HTTP/3 and TLS Handshake Optimization
A comprehensive analysis of web protocol evolution revealing how HTTP/1.1’s application-layer bottlenecks led to HTTP/2’s transport-layer constraints, ultimately driving the adoption of HTTP/3 with QUIC. This exploration examines TLS handshake optimization, protocol negotiation mechanisms, DNS-based discovery, and the sophisticated browser algorithms that determine optimal protocol selection based on network conditions and server capabilities.1. Browser HTTP Version Selection Flow2. Unified TLS Connection Establishment: TCP vs QUIC3. Protocol Evolution and Architectural Foundations4. HTTP/1.1: The Foundation and Its Inherent Bottlenecks5. HTTP/2: Multiplexing and Its Transport-Layer Limitations6. HTTP/3: The QUIC Revolution7. Head-of-Line Blocking Analysis8. Protocol Negotiation and Upgrade Mechanisms9. DNS-Based Protocol Discovery and Load Balancing10. Browser Protocol Negotiation Mechanisms11. Performance Characteristics and Decision Factors12. Security Implications and Network Visibility13. Strategic Implementation Considerations14. Conclusion and Best Practices