#Networking
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Web Protocol Evolution: HTTP/1.1 to HTTP/3 and TLS Handshake Optimization
A comprehensive analysis of web protocol evolution revealing how HTTP/1.1’s application-layer bottlenecks led to HTTP/2’s transport-layer constraints, ultimately driving the adoption of HTTP/3 with QUIC. This exploration examines TLS handshake optimization, protocol negotiation mechanisms, DNS-based discovery, and the sophisticated browser algorithms that determine optimal protocol selection based on network conditions and server capabilities.1. Browser HTTP Version Selection Flow2. Unified TLS Connection Establishment: TCP vs QUIC3. Protocol Evolution and Architectural Foundations4. HTTP/1.1: The Foundation and Its Inherent Bottlenecks5. HTTP/2: Multiplexing and Its Transport-Layer Limitations6. HTTP/3: The QUIC Revolution7. Head-of-Line Blocking Analysis8. Protocol Negotiation and Upgrade Mechanisms9. DNS-Based Protocol Discovery and Load Balancing10. Browser Protocol Negotiation Mechanisms11. Performance Characteristics and Decision Factors12. Security Implications and Network Visibility13. Strategic Implementation Considerations14. Conclusion and Best Practices